How do scientsts use seismograph to measure the composition of the Earth? And how do the scientists determine the composition?

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i am writing a summary of our unit in science and i have seismograph and richter scale written down in my notes but i cant remember which one they use to measure the intensity of an earthquake

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After an earthquake, you are given seismograph reading from three locations, where the coordinate units are miles
At A(2, 1), the epicenter is 5 miles away
At B(-2, -2), the epicenter is 6 miles away.
At C(-6, 4), the epicenter is 4 miles away.

a) What are the coordinates of the epicenter?

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Why do most earthquakes occur in the lithosphere?And howw does a seismograph record the movements of the ground?

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When an earthquake occurs, two types of sound waves are generated and travel through the earth. The primary, or P, wave has a speed of about 8.0 km/s and the secondary, or S, wave has a speed of about 4.5 km/s. A seismograph, located some distance away, records the arrival of the P wave and then, 91.0 s later, records the arrival of the S wave. Assume the waves travel in a straight line.

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I have a homework question but I can't afford the needed book to solve this problem. Here it is:

"The difference in the magnitude of measured earthquakes on the Richter Scale i proportional to the difference in height of the curve drawn by a seismographs. For example, an earthquake of a magnitude 2 has a seismograph height 'blank' times (more or less) than an earthquake of a magnitude 3?"

I appreciate any help!

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On a seismograph machine, it makes 3 circles, and the point where the circles intersect is where the earthquake it at. How do you find the radius of the circles???

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